Channeling increases most weapon's melee damage by +50%. Corrupt Charge increases Channeling's damage based off this value, thus at max rank it increases Channeled melee damage to +100%.
This can be combined with Killing Blow for +220% Channeling damage, or a total damage increase of +160% while Channeling.
A -40% decrease in Channeling Efficiency translates to an additional 2 Energy per hit while channeling. Without Channeling Efficiency mods, using Corrupt Charge increases Channeling cost to 7 Energy per hit.
Trivia
When this mod was released, only a fully ranked version could be acquired. It was patched in Hotfix 10.3.1 (2013-10-09).
As of Update 13.0 (2014-04-09), this is the only Corrupted mod that does not feature any sort of Prime equipment on its portrait.
Due to a bug introduced around Update 13.0 (2014-04-09), Corrupt Charge could be obtained through Transmutation up until late 2014. This made it one of two Corrupted Mods that could (unintentionally) be obtained outside of Orokin Vaults (a similar bug occurred with Anemic Agility, which was a potential drop from Ballista from Update 13.0 (2014-04-09) to Hotfix 15.7.2 (2014-12-19)).